储藏中药材孳生粉螨的研究

Study on the acaroid mites breeding in stored traditional Chinese medicinal materials

目的调查不同中药材中粉螨孳生种类及其孳生密度。方法采取直接镜检和电热分离法分别检查过筛后的尘渣和阻留物。结果从74种中药材中分离出粉螨37种,隶属于7科21属,分别为粉螨属(Acarus)、食酪螨属(Tyrophagus)、向酪螨属(Tyrolichus)、嗜菌螨属(Mycetoglyphus)、食粉螨属(Aleuroglyphus)、嗜木螨属(Caloglyphus)、根螨属(Rhizoglyphus)、狭螨属(Thyreophagus)、皱皮螨属(Suidasia)、食粪螨属(Scatoglyphus)、脂螨属(Lardoglyphus)、食甜螨属(Glycyphagus)、嗜鳞螨属(Lepidoglyphus)、无爪螨属(Blomia)、栉毛螨属(Ctenoglyphus)、脊足螨属(Gohieria)、嗜渣螨属(Chortoglyphus)、果螨属(Carpogly鄄phus)、嗜霉螨属(Euroglyphus)、尘螨属(Dermatophagoides)、薄口螨属(Histiostoma)。粉螨的孳生密度从9.18只/克～226.24只/克。结论中药材中孳生的粉螨统属粉螨亚目,种类多,危害严重,应引起重视。

Objective To investigate the species and breeding density of acaroid mites in stored traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Methods Deteced each samples with the methods of microscopic examination and Tullgren to extract mites. Results There were 37 species of acarid mites identified from 74 kinds of stored materials , which belongs to 21 genera, 7 families, including Acarus, Tyrophagus, Tyrolichus, Mycetoglyphus, Aleuroglyphus, Caloglyphus, Rhizoglyphus, Thyreophagus, Suidasia, Seatoglyphus, Lardoglyphus, Glycyphagus, Lepidoglyphus, Blomia, Ctenoglyphus, Gohierio, Chortogtyphus, Carpoglyphus, Euroglyphus, Dermatophagoides and Histiostoma, The density was significant different. In the samples which was detected acaorid mites the breeding density ranged from 9.18 NO.g^-1 to 226.24 NO.g^-1. Conclusion The acaroid mites breeding in the stored traditional Chinese medicinal materials belong to A cardida. Much attention should be attached to acaroid mites breeding in stored traditional Chinese medicinal materials and protect people against mite infestation.