山东省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染社区干预研究

A Study of Community Intervention on RTID among Rural Married Women at Reproductive Age in Shandong Province.

目的:通过山东省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染(RTI)社区干预试点,探索农村开展RTI综合防治的模式。方法通过问卷调查、妇科体检、实验室检查等进行基线调查,对检查出患有生殖道感染的农村已婚育龄妇女,进行系统治疗、定期检查,同时进行卫生知识宣教等干预,一年后对该人群进行复查。结果干预后对生殖道感染知识由干预前的57.7%提高为干预后的92.8%,避孕套有预防疾病作用的知晓率由干预前的63.7%提高为干预后的93.1%;RTI患病率由干预前的52.6%下降为干预后的33.33%,下降了30.6%。其中,念珠菌性阴道病下降了80.2%,细菌性阴道病下降了28.0%,宫颈炎下降了77.8%。结论经过一年的综合措施干预,农村已婚育龄妇女的生殖卫生知识有明显提高,RTI患病率明显下降、生殖健康水平得到改善。实践表明基层领导参与、以计划生育服务网络为依托、计划生育和生殖健康医疗服务资源整合、提高服务质量、宣教和防治相结合,对农村社区RTI防治是有效的模式。

Objectives To understand the RTID situation among rural married women at reproductive age,and explore methods and measures of intervention.Methods.Questionnaire investigation,gynecological and laboratory examination were carried out in 4482 women who had been selected by multi-satge cluster sampling in reral areas of Zhucheng,Zhangqiu,Daiyue and Wudi counties in Shandong proveice.We conducted intervention on women who suffered RTID.After one year,we did same investigation and examination.Results.The rate of women who know condom can prevent RTID increased from 63.7% before intervention to 93.1% after intervention.The prevalence rate of RTID and other gynecopathy dropped from 52.6% before intervention to 33.3%.After the intervention,the rates of monilial vaginitis,bacterial vaginitis and cervicitis dropped80.2%,28.0% and 7.8% respectively. After intervention,above 80% women with RTID were cured.Conclusions.The health status of the reproductive tract in rural married women was improved obviously after the intervention.The had more knowledge of RTID,and the rate of RTID dropped significantly.It suggested that the participation of leaders at primary level is a key,and it is importand for prevention and cure RTID to establish the service mode based on family planning service network combined with local medical workers.