干血滤纸片样品用于HIV抗体检测的研究

Study on HIV antibody detection by filter paper with dried blood spot (DBS) specimens.

目的研究干血滤纸片样品是否可替代血浆样品用于艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测.方法采集128例静脉吸毒者的血液样品,分别制备成血浆和干血滤纸片样品.用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HIV抗体,并与血浆样品检测结果进行比较.经ELISA检测阳性的干血滤纸片样品,进一步用免疫印迹法(WB)检测,并与血浆样品检测结果进行比较.结果以最佳实验条件(15～30℃、3～5天、48小时、100μl)用ELISA法检测,干血滤纸片样品与血浆样品检测结果无显著性差异(P＞0.05),128例样品中检出阳性54例,阴性74例.54例阳性样品经WB确认,两种样品检测结果一致,均为阳性.结论用ELISA和WB方法检测干血滤纸片样品与血浆样品中的HIV抗体,结果无明显差异.干血滤纸片样品可替代血浆样品用于HIV抗体检测.

Objective To probe the feasibility of the human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） antibody detection through dried blood spots specimens on filter paper instand of plasma specimens. Methods The blood specimens collected from 128 drug users were processed into dried blood spot specimens on filter paper and the plasma specimens. The specimens of dried blood spot on filter paper were tested about antibodies of the human immunodeficiency virus with ELISA assay. The result was compared with that of testing plasma specimens. The positive dried blood spot specimens on filter paper tested by ELISA were continually tested by WB for affirmation. The result was compared with that of testing plasma specimens.Results In the most effective experiment condition （15～30℃、3～5d、48h, 100μL）, the result of testing dried blood spot specimens on filter paper was identical with that of plasma. Of the 128 specimens, 54 cases were HIV positive, and 74 cases were HIV negative.The 54 HIV positive cases were confirmed as HIV carriers by Western Blot （WB） assay. The results from two specimens were identical to be positive. Conclusion It is of no significant difference when using the ELISA and WB to detect antibodies of the human immunodeficiency virus of the specimens collected onto filter paper or corresponding plasma specimens. The dried blood spots specimens on filter paper might substitute plasma specimens in detection of antibodies of the human immunodeficiency virus.