河北省2000～2004年流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析

Analysis on Japanese B Encephalitis in Hebei Province During 2000-2004

目的了解河北省流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行情况,为有效控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法利用传染病报告系统报告数据,分析河北省乙脑流行病学特征。结果河北省乙脑发病率从20世纪80年代开始呈大幅度下降趋势,到20世纪90年代已降到<0.5/10万,2000年以后发病率降到<0.1/10万。病例散发且相对集中在河北省中南部地区,呈明显的夏秋季流行高峰,55%病例为<15岁儿童,男多于女,以学生、农民、散居儿童和托幼儿童为主。结论防制乙脑应采取以预防接种及灭蚊、防蚊为主的综合性预防措施,预防接种的重点人群为<15岁儿童。

Objective To understand the epidemic situation of Japanese B Encephalitis （JE） in Hebei Province and provide scientific evidences for controlling JE effectively. Methods Analysis the epidemiologic characteristics of JE utilized the data from NNDRS （National Notifiable Disease Reported System）. Results The results showed that the JE morbidity appeared more downtrend from 80＇s, the incidence rate was down to 0.5/100000 in 90＇s and to 0.1/100000 lower after 2000 year. The cases were scattered but relatively distributed in middle and south area of Hebei Province. The incidence peak was during Summer and Autumn obviously, and most of the JE cases were among children under 15 years old （proportion was 55 %）. The proportion for male case were higher than females＇ and the cases occupation distribution mainly in students, peasants, children in family and children in child-care centre or Kindergarten. Conclusion The general prevention measures mainly by killing mosquito, preventing mosquito, and vaccination in JE prevention should be adopted. The main target of vaccination should be among the children under 15 years old.