不同土壤类型对优质小麦品质及产量的影响

Effect of Different Soil Types on Quality Traits and Grain Yield of the High-quality Wheat

为了研究不同土壤类型对优质小麦品质和产量的影响,以10个不同基因型优质小麦品种(系)在5种不同土壤类型区的11个地点进行试验。结果表明,蛋白质含量表现为河潮土>棕壤>潮土>砂姜黑土>褐土,湿面筋含量和沉淀值表现为河潮土>棕壤>砂姜黑土>潮土>褐土,但变异系数相对较小,分别为5.80%,5.96%,12.06%;容重、硬度、面团形成时间、断裂时间、公差指数和评价值表现为砂姜黑土最优,褐土、棕壤次之,河潮土最差,容重、硬度变异系数较小为1.27%,6.38%,粉质参数变异较大,变异系数分别为10.08%,14.62%,16.90%,13.30%。产量表现为砂姜黑土>潮土>褐土>棕壤>河潮土,在不同土壤类型间产量和穗数变异较大,粒数和千粒重相对稳定。不同土壤类型对优质小麦品质性状、产量和产量因素有较大影响,但各性状在不同土壤类型间的变异不同。

Effect of different soil types on quality traits and grain yield of the high-quality wheat were studied to test 10 high-quality wheat varieties with different genotypes grown in 5 soil types （ include 11 test sites ）. The results showed that protein content was fluvo-aquic soil〉brown soil〉aquent〉sandy black soil〉cinnamon, wet gluten content and sedimentation value were fluvo-aquic soil〉brown soil〉 standy black soil〉aquent〉cinnamon, their CV were 5.80 %, 5.96 % and 12.06 %, respectively; while volume weight, hardness, development time, break time,mechanical tolerance index and valorimeter value indicated that standy black soil was the best,the next were cinnamon soil and brown soil,fluvo-aquic soil was the lowest,the CV of volume weight and hardness were small, 1.27% and 6.38%;the CV of farinograph parameters were large,10.08% ,14.62〉〉 ,16.90% and 13.30% ,respectively. Grainyield was standy black soil〉aquent〉cinnamon〉brown soil〉 fluvo-aquic soil, and the CV of grain yield and spikes were large, grain number and 1000- grain weight were standy. So,they had high effect on quality traits,grain yield and the yield components of the high-quality wheat in different soil types,but the CV of traits in different soil types was varied.