微咸水淋洗改良对盐碱化旱田豇豆产量及性状影响

Effect on corn yield and character of leaching saline sodic soil with mildly salty water

松嫩平原西部有苏打盐碱化土地面积373万hm2,其中除了盐碱化草地与碱斑地、盐碱湿地、低洼易涝盐碱地外,约有25%的盐碱低产旱田[1]由于尚无更有效的盐碱化旱田改良利用方法,目前只能种植耐盐碱性较强、耗地力、低效益的向日葵,轻度盐碱地虽能种植甜菜、高梁、糜子及玉米等,但是产量和效益均较低。为此,试验采用本地区20m^30m深具有较好渗透性的微咸水(矿化度1g/L^3g/L)进行豇豆田淋洗灌溉[2-5],进一步探讨微咸水淋洗灌溉对豇豆产量和相关性状的影响,以提供盐碱化旱田改良及高效利用的方法和依据。图1,表2,参5。

From the latest statistical data, it is showed that the area of saline sodic soil in western Songnen plain has reached to 3.73×106hm^2, and the low-yield saline sodic dryland area is 25% of total soda saline soil area except for saline grassland, bare sodic soil, saline wetland and the low-lying and water-logged saline sodic land. Because there isn＇t more effective method of ameliorating saline sodic dryland at present, in that land only salt-tolerant sunflower is planted, which wastes land power and energy and has low efficiency.Some plants like sugar beet, sorghum, millet, corn etc.can grow up in slight saline soil, but the yield and efficiency is very low.An ameliorating experiment is designed, at first leaching and irrigating corn land with local mildly salty water in the depth of20m - 30m, which has good permeability, and then inquiring into the effect of leachment and irrigation with mildly salty water on cowpea yield and relating character to provide the theoretical basis and methods of amelioration and efficient utilization of saline sodic dryland.