对置发动机活塞温度场三维有限元分析

Three Dimensional Finite Element Analyses for the Temperature Field of Piston of contraposition engine

利用I-DEAS软件突破传统的简化方法,建立了某双缸水平对置风冷柴油机活塞的三维实体模型,并充分考虑风冷柴油机传热的特点来确定传热边界条件,对活塞温度场进行了有限元计算和分析。计算结果表明:活塞头部的温度接近极限,由于活塞环区域温度过高造成运行受阻,并与柴油机实际运行中出现的情况相符。进一步的实验表明,有限元分析结果与实验值误差小于5%,验证了本文所建模型,该计算方法的计算结果基本上可以指导设计。

This paper sets up a three-dimensional piston solid model of a contraposition double-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine （ACDE） breaking through traditional simplification methods by I-DEAS. The boundary condition is determined fully considering the characteristic of heater transfer in ACDE. Temperature field of piston model is calculates and analyses using finite element method （FEM）. The calculated results indicated that the head temperature is closed to the limit. The temperature in the region of rings is exorbitant so that running is suffocated. This is accorded with practical running instance. Test results ulterior indicate that the error is smaller than 5% between FEM analyzed result and test data. The established model is verified. Practice has proved that the calculated result could guild the design essentially.