北京住宅建设活动的物质流分析

Analysis of material flow of residential buildings in Beijing

基于物质流分析方法,对北京市1990～2002年新建和拆除的住宅建筑的物质流进行了分析,并对2010年北京市住宅建筑的物质流进行了估计,揭示了北京市住宅建设活动的物质消耗现状和对环境的潜在压力.结果表明:北京市住宅建设活动的直接物质投入已经达到了7 253.7×104t/年,物质产出达到了4 137.8×104t/年;万元产值的物质投入量和物质产出量在1993年后基本保持不变;住宅建设活动的能耗已经占到北京市总能耗的15%,而这其中,生产建筑材料的能源消耗就占到了89%.最后提出了改进建材的生产工艺,加强建筑垃圾的再循环利用对减少能源消耗能起到积极的推动作用,并能促进住宅建筑的可持续发展.

Based on analyzing the input of resource and the output of waste of material flow on the residential buildings in Beijing from 1990 to 2002, the material flow in 2010 was estimated. The current situation of material consumption of residential buildings in Beijing and the potential pressure to environment were revealed. The result shows that the direct material input is up to 72537 kt/a, while the waste output is up to 41378 kt/a. The material input and output per ten thousands production value keep balance after 1993. The energy consumption due to the construction and demolition activities of residential buildings accounts for 15% of the total energy consumed in Beijing, especially, the energy consumed by construction material production accounts for 89% of the total. Finally, by improving the manufacture techniques and the recycle use of the construction waste may reduce the energy consumption and promote the sustainable development of residential buildings.