《文章辨体》的文体分类数目考

A Study of the Classification Number of Literary Styles in Wen Zhang Bian Ti

关于明代吴讷《文章辨体》的文体分类数目,历来说法多有抵牾。在当时,说法已不相同;到清代,《四库提要》中两次提及,说法不一;今人也是各持己见,众说纷纭。除去因不可抗拒的版本原因造成的分类数目的差异外,此书系统内部的不统一也是造成这种混乱局面的重要原因。因该书每种文体之前皆有“序说”,以此为显著标志,综合各方面情况进行考辨,可基本认定,《文章辨体》内集分体五十一,外集为九,计分文体六十体。

There are always a lot of contradictory comments on the classification number of literary styles in Wen Zhang Bian Ti by WU Ne of Ming Dynasty. In Ming Dynasty, there were different explanations; in Qing Dynasty, the classification number of literary styles was mentioned twice with different meanings in Si Ku Ti Yao ; so far, people still keep on arguing about this. Besides the inexorable factor of different editions that leads to the different classification numbers, the disunity of this book＇s internal system is also an important reason for today＇s disorderly situation. On the basis of the preface to each literary style in this book, the author synthesizes all the relevant ideas, and maintains that there are sixty literary styles all told in Wen Zhang Bian Ti , with 51 in its inner collection, and 9 in its outer collection.