水系灭火剂的灭火性能对比分析研究

Comparison of Fire-extinguishing Performance for Water Extinguishing Agent Series

水是扑救A类火灾最常用的灭火剂,但水也存在流动易损失等不足,通过改变水的物理及化学性能可以提高水的灭火效率。试验表明强化水灭火效果和抗燃效果均优于水,但优势有限且价格较高;润湿水灭火及抗燃趋势均不明显,但良好的润湿渗透作用使其在扑救塑料类等火灾中发挥出明显的优势;粘性水因提高了水的粘度,增加了固水和封堵作用使其在抗燃方面具有显著的优势,其中的无机硅凝胶对堆垛或自燃类火灾的防、灭火效果最好,但高分子水胶体会因添加量小、无腐蚀性等优点替代无机硅凝胶用于煤矿井下火灾的预防和控制。

Water is a most common extinguishing agent, however, water has many disadvantages such as ease of loss due to flow. The efficiency of water as an extinguishing agent can be increased by adjusting its physical and chemical performance. Experimental results show that the fire-extinguishing and fire-resisting effects of loaded stream are better than those of plain water, but with limited advantage and higher price; the wet water has no higher fire-extinguishing and fire-resisting effects than plain water, but with obvious advantage in extinguishing plastic fire due to its wetting and infiltrating effect; thickened water has obvious advantage in fire-resisting since the viscosity and reserves are increased, and also the obturation of water is reinforced. The Silicon Gel Extinguishing Agent has the excellent fire-extinguishing effect for stow and self-ignition fire, but macromolecule gel Extinguishing Agent have advantages such as low concentration and no eorrosivity over Silicon Gel Extinguishing Agent, and to it can act as a substitute for fire prevention and protection in coal mine.