小学生个性影响因素研究

Study factors of influence on personality characteristics of pupils.

【目的】分析影响儿童个性的有关因素,为培养儿童的健全人格提供依据。【方法】对西安市所属的七个区各随机抽取一所学校,每所学校抽取四、五、六年级各两个班,采用龚耀先修订的艾森克个性问卷(EysenckPersonalityQuestionnaire,EPQ)(儿童用)和自编的个人一般情况调查表,对2000名儿童进行调查。将调查所得数椐进行多元逐步回归分析。【结果】影响小学生个性精神性(Psychoticism,P)的因素有性别、是否班干部、父母关系;影响内外向(extrovisionandintrnision,E)的因素有性别、父母关系、是否班干部、住所、母亲文化程度、所在学校;影响情绪稳定性(nearoticism,N)、掩饰性(lie,L)的均为性别、父母关系2个因素。【结论】儿童个性受家庭、学校环境等的多重影响。家长、教师应创造良好的家庭、社会环境,保持情绪乐观、稳定,避免对子女儿童的负面影响,以利于其个性向积极方向发展。

[Objective] To provide the theoretical evidences for the clinical psychotherapy and behavior modification by analysis factors of influence on the personality characteristics of the pupils. [Methods] Each school took out two classes from grade four to six, which was from seven different sections of Xi＇an, 2000 pupils were chosen randomly to complete Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） for children, the datum were analysed by Multi Stepwise Regrssion. [Results] The P dimensions were influenced by the factors of sex, parents＇ relationship,if being a leading cadre for class. The E dimensions were influenced by the factors of sex, parents＇ relationship , if being a leading cadre for class, dwelling place, cultural level of mothers, schools＇ place. The N , L dimensions were influenced by the factors of sex, parents＇ relationship. [Conclusion] Personality characteristics of pupils is influenced by many ways from family tradition and social environment whose children have been surrounded.So the teachers and parents should provide a good family tradition and social environment, and keep hopeful in sentiments,avoid a unhelpful influence to children, bring about a positive developments of personalities .