某大型商贸中心的人员疏散性能化分析

Evacuation Analysis of a Large Shopping Mall

新型建筑不断涌现使得火灾安全性能化设计被广泛应用,人员疏散是其中的关键环节。结合某大型商贸中心的火灾安全性能化设计方案,利用CAFE模型分析了人员疏散性能。结果表明,由于该模型量化了人员疏散过程中人与人、人与环境之间的作用力,因此计算得到的人员疏散时间比同类软件更加保守,分析结果具有更高的可靠性。

Along with the development of the society, it flows out more and more high-rise, underground and large-space buildings, of which the fire protection designs are sometimes beyond the requirements of existing national fire protection codes of China. Therefore, the performance-based fire protection design of buildings has been getting more and more chances of application. Evacuation analysis is one of the key problems in the performance-based design. In this paper, the performance-based design of a large shopping mall is introduced, and a cellular automata （CA） based evacuation model, i.e. the CAFE model is used to analyze the efficiency of evacuation. Because the interactions among pedestrians and those between pedestrians and environment are quantified in CAFE model, the values of evacuation time obtained through the model are slightly larger than those of an evacuation software, Simulex, indicating that the CAFE model is to some extent more conservative and the analysis results are with higher reliability.