白血病患者医院感染分析及护理对策

Analysis of Hospital Infections and Nursing Methods to Leucocythenmia Patients

目的:探讨白血病患者医院感染的相关因素及护理对策.方法:对2001年3月～2004年9月期间我院血液科住院的316例白血病患者发生医院感染情况进行前瞻性及回顾性分析.结果:316例患者有115例发生医院感染,医院感染率为36.94%,例次感染率为44.94%;医院感染部位以呼吸道为主,其次为肛周、皮肤和软组织及口腔;医院感染发生与住院时间呈正相关;病原菌前四位分别为真菌、G+杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌.结论:加强对呼吸道、肛周、皮肤和软组织及口腔的护理,并及时治疗感染;注意合理使用抗菌药物.

Purpose To probe into the correlation factors and nursing methods of hospital infections in leucocythemia patients. Methods： hospital infectional conditions of 316 leucocythemia patients treated from Mar 2001 to Sep Z004 were analyzed retrospectively. Results： Hospital infection ocurred in 115 patients, the infection rate was 36,94%,it was positive correlatived with hospital period. The firstly pogition of infection were respiratory tract, and the next were tissues around anus, skin, soft tissue and mouth. The usually pathogenic bacteria were fungus, Gram bacillus, staphylococcus, streptococcus. Conclusion： Intensive nursing of tissues around anus, skin, soft tissue and mouth, treating infection timely, using antibiotics reasonable were the important factors to prevent hospital infection.