高韧性钢骨梁柱接头

Ductile Steel Beam-to-Column Connection

钢骨结构一向被认为具有良好的耐震韧性,因此广为使用于世界各地的建筑结构中,高层建筑更是大量采用钢骨结构。但美国北岭(Northridge)地震首次曝露钢骨建筑结构梁柱接头大量破坏之现象,引起各界震惊,甚至造成社会恐慌。日本阪神地震亦发现大量钢骨梁柱接头脆性断裂。由实际发生之地震显示,梁柱接头无论是采用工地焊接或是于工厂内焊接均无法保证其梁端之塑性转角能达到结构抗震之需求,且美式之腹板栓接-翼板焊接之梁柱接头,或日式之工厂焊接-工地栓接之托梁式设计皆已不符现行设计法规之规定。本文除介绍钢骨梁柱接头断裂之原因外,并说明高韧性钢骨梁柱接头的设计原理,此种高韧性接头不仅设计简单施工容易且造价低廉,而其塑性转角更可达4%以上,有助于确保钢骨结构的耐震韧性。

It is believed that steel structures possess superior ductility and are widely used in the building frames, especially for high rise buildings. However, the fracture of beam-to-column connections of steel building frames in Northridge earthquake arouse the problem of the reliability of the performance of steel building structures in the event of earthquake. The same fracture problems of steel building frames occurred in the Kobe earthquake again. From the lessons learned in these earthquakes, it is cleverly shown that the traditional design and construction methods of steel buildings are not able to survive from the attack of seismic force. Neither the Japanese shop welded-filed bolted type connections, nor the American web bolted flange welded type connection methods are able to provide reliable seismic resistance. In this paper, the cause of the failure of steel connections is examined based on the fundamental theory of mechanics. Tbe ductile seismic moment connection method is also proposed. This new type of moment connection is able to achieve a plastic rotational angle even more the 4 % and its design and construction are quite simple and inexpensive. This type of connection method has been widely used in the steel high-rise building in seismic active area. The tallest building in the world, Taipei Financial Center （101 stories）, also adopted this connection method.