南极中山站海湾地形特征研究

Water Depth and Topography Studies of the Sea Area Nearby Antarctic Zhongshan Anchorage

1999年完成的中山锚地高精度水深地形勘测,测量了锚地,调查了部分周边水深地形,取得较完整的测深数据,据此编绘了勘测锚地水深地形图。利用测区外的部分测绘资料使我们有机会可以审视和概略研究中山站附近的海底地形特征。继之对中山站附近的海底地形特征进行了研究,并在区内选取了有代表性的1条剖面进行了剖析。分析研究表明:中山站海湾地形复杂,地形类型多样:台地、水下山丘、峡谷,从陆向海倾斜。受冰体运动的影响,发育了SN向沟谷,自大陆向海中发散;海底地形陡峭,峡谷上穿切冰盖外沿,下达深海,其峡谷内在平坦的背景上仍然发育有水下低丘。

As the latest discovered continent, A ntarctica is always a focus to global geographers for its special geographical position and geotectonic status, but there is lack of the research about the seabed toography around Zhongshan station which controlled by geotectonism mainly. In 1999, China accomplished the high precision survey of the ground and water area nearby Zhongshan anchorage. According to the soundings, the topographical map of the anchorage has been produced. So, we can make use of the partial mapping data in the study of the characters the seabed topography around Zhongshan station. After describing some details, the author analyses one representative cross section and come to the conclustion that the topography of Zhongshan anchorage is very complex. There exist diverse types of relief： features such as terrace, massif and canyon, and all of them lean to the sea. Affected by the glacier moving, there also has developed SN direction valley which radiates from continent to sea. The seabed terrain is steep, upwards the canyon can cut off the icecap＇s extension, downwards it can dive into the deep sea. In addition, on some plat parts of canyon, there still develops knolls.