白菜—甘蓝染色体附加系的性状遗传

Inheritance of Morphological Characters of Brassica campestris-oleracea Addition Lines

以白菜和甘蓝种间对应性状作为遗传标记性状，人工合成甘蓝型油菜，建立白菜—甘蓝附加系，并用附加系研究种皮颜色、花色和雄性不育等三个质量性状的遗传。结果表明，在甘蓝的染色体组和甘蓝型油菜所含的甘蓝染色体组中，控制种皮颜色和控制花色的基因分别载于不同染色体上，控制所用白菜雄性不育的育性恢复基因与控制种皮颜色和花色的基因也分别载于不同的染色体上；选择种间对应质量性状有显隐性差异的白菜和甘蓝材料合成的甘蓝型油菜附加系，可用所选择性状作遗传标记对其进行区分和利用。

The inheritance of three kinds of morphological characters in Brassica oleracea were studied by using B. campestris-oleracea addition lines. The characters concerened were seed coat color, flower color and the restoration to a kind of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in B.campestris. Synthetic B. napus lines were developed from the hybridization of B. campestris with recessive characters and B. oleracea with dominant characters. The synthetic B. napus were backcrossed to the B. campestris used in the interspecific hybridization to generate B.campestrisoleracea addition lines. The phenotype of the addition lines indicated that the genes controlling seed coat color,flower color and the restorer to B. campestris CMS in the genome of B. oleraceawere located on different chromosomes, that is, the three kinds of morphological characters concerned were genetically independent.The results also showed that B. campestris-oleracea addition lines could be identified by the morphological characters.