禽流感的公共卫生意义

The Significance of Avian Influenza on Public Health

流感是由A型流感病毒引起的急性高度接触性传染病,特别是鸡对禽流感有较高的易感性。A型禽流感病毒历来被认为是人类流感的最大基因库,是人流感病毒发生变异的新基因来源。国际兽医局已将其列为A类烈性传染病之一,并被列入国际生物武器公约动物类传染病名单。为此,通过对禽流感在世界流行情况,人流感大流行及与禽流感病毒的关系,A型流感病毒的存在、传播及其演化等内容的介绍,阐明禽流感公共卫生意义,增强对A型禽流感的认识。

Avian Influenza is an acute and highly contacting infectious disease, especially for poultry to easily infect, which is caused by type AI virus. AI virus genes have been thought to be the principal gene reservoir and the cause of changes of human influenza virus. At present it has been listed as one of A type violently infectious disease by Office International des Epizooties （OIE） and even in the catalog of animal infectious disease by Biological and Taxin Weapons Convention （BTWC）. Thus by introduction of AI virus epidemic in world, the close relation between human influenza pandemic and AI virus, and existence, evolution and dissemination of A type influenza virus, the significance of AI on public health is illustrated to strengthen the cognition of AI.