陕北丘陵沟壑区主要农作物水分利用与平衡

Water use and Equilibrium of Main Crops in Loess Hilly and Gully Region of North Shaanxi

根据陕北丘陵沟壑区自然特点，和该区农田主要农作物水分利用与平衡研究工作结果，分析总结了不同农作物在不同立地条件、不同栽培管理状况下的水分利用与平衡的规律为：在降雨正常年份的作物生育期内，２ｍ土层土壤水分变化趋势与自然降雨同步；各作物收获后的土壤水分与播种前土壤水分几乎相等、作物耗水量与生育期降雨量几乎相等，土壤水分基本处于平衡状态；同年降雨量相同，但由于作物种类、耕作措施、立地条件不同，使作物产量、水分利用效率差异显著。并由此论述了提高当地农田作物水分利用效率，发展农业生产的有关措施．

On the basis of result of water use and equilibrium for main crops in loess hilly and gully region of north Shaanxi, analysed the water use characteristic of different crops under various management and sites. The result showed that the soil moisture in depth of 2m during crop growth period had the similar regulation with rainfall under the common year. The soil water storage had no great change after crop growth with no water deficit. The crops yield and water use efficiency were changed with crop species, farming method and sites. The approach of improve water use efficiency and yield for main crops was suggested.