中西宪政本土资源的比较分析

Comparison and Analysis of the Constitutional Local Sources between China and the West

宪政发端于西欧,伴随着近代商品经济在全球的蔓延,并成为衡量现代民主国家的重要尺度。由于不同经济发展状况,政治体制以及文化差异,宪政运动在不同国家呈现出了不同的态势。作为有着几千年华夏文明儒家传统的中国,引入宪政观念不过百年,其间曾有过宪政的光芒,然而传统与时局的力量使得宪政的机会稍纵即逝。因此,笔者试图从地缘与文化的角度对中国与西方的宪政化的本土资源方面作为比较分析,从而析出根植于我们的制度层次面下的一些深层的地理,文化,宗教等方面的本土因素。

With the boom of modern commodity economy, constitutionalism was born in West Europe and became the important yardstick to measure modern democratic countries. Constitutional movement takes on various forms in different countries because of the differences of economic development level, political system and culture. Although there is brilliant Confucian tradition, the idea of constitutionalism and limited government emerged in China no more than two hundred years ago. During this period, the constitutional system became brilliant and then disappeared because of the strong power of tradition and emergent situation. Therefore, this article compares the local source of constitutionalism between China and the West from the geographical, cultural and religious angles in order to get the potential local root of geographical, cultural and religious elements that influence the constitutional course of China behind the political system.