论经济权利的交换

On exchange of economic rights

文章认为：在现代经济生活中，经济权利的交换活动十分普遍，而经济权利的交换是经济资源最优配置的必然要来。但经济资源的最优利用对经济权利的交换必具的要求：一是其交换比例应由资产权利的市场供求关系来决定；二是必须依据契约或法律来实现；三是必须保证资产权利供给者有效地行使监控权；四是交换中应具有激励机制。由此种种，作者认为：国有企业产权改革的真正出路是政府退出经济权利交换过程，把国有资产的权利还给全民，让每个公民直接与企业进行经济权利的交换，直接对企业行使资产权利供给者的权利。只有如此才能使经济权利的交换按市场规律进行，经济资源得以最佳利用。

Abstract This paper argues that,economic rights exchange is very popular in modern economy,and the exchange of economic rights is very necessary for optimizing the distribution of economic resources. The demands for making the best use of resources include: firstly, the exchange rate should be decided by the asset rights' market relation between supplies and demands; secondly, the exchange must be completed in line with the contract or the law ; thirdly, the supervising rights of asset rights' suppliers must be sufficiently guaranteed ; finally, there should be initiative mechanism in the exchange activities. Therefore, the author thinks that, the realistic way for State-owned enterprises' property rights reform is the governments withdraw from the exchange of economic rights, and the rights of State assets should be returned to our whole people, let every citizen make economic rights exchange directly with enterprises. Only does like this, can the exchange of economic rights be completed in accordance with market law,and economic resources can be used optimizedly.