1949年后知识精英与国家的关系——从院士到学部委员

The Relationship between Intellectual Elites and the State after 1949

知识精英与国家的关系一般表现为两种形式,一是外部关系,主要指知识精英和国家之间的相互依赖,如知识精英在资金和科研条件方面对国家的依赖以及国家对知识精英创造成果的需求,二是知识精英内部之间的关系。本文只涉及前者,通过比较 1948年中央研究院院士制度和1955年学部制度的建立,说明知识精英和国家的关系。

There are two kinds of relationship between intellectual elites and the State, The first kind may be termed “external relationship”. It refers to the interdependence between interlectual elites and the State in terms of government funding and government need for academic fruits. The second kind may be termed “internal relationship”. This paper will deal with the external relationship between intellectual elites and the State in China in 1950s.