光温敏核不育小麦育性转换条件的研究

A STUDY ON FERTILITY TRANSFORMATION CONDITIONS OF PHOTOPERIOD-TEM-PERATURE SENSTITIVE GENIC MALE-STERILE WHEAT

采用分期播种和控制光周期试验，研究了光温敏核不育小麦ＥＳ－１０的发育特性和育性转换的光温条件。结果表明，ＥＳ－１０具有明显的雄性育性转换特性，其育性转换受光周期的诱导。在１０～１３ｈ光周期处理下，ＥＳ－１０的雄性育性随光长增加而逐步恢复，表现出由不育到半不育直到可育的连续变化趋势，在１０ｈ和１１ｈ光长下，花粉败育率分别为９９．２％和９９．５％，自然光长下花粉败育率为１００％。其雄性育性转换的光周期敏感期在雌雄蕊分化期至药隔形成期，感应历期约１４ｄ，临界光长小于１１．５ｈ．光温敏核不育小麦同样具有光敏核不育水稻两个光周期反应特点。

The developmental characteristics and fertility transformation conditions ofphotoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male-sterile wheat(PTGMW)were studied usingseeding times and photoperiod control.The results showed that the fertility transformation ofES-10 was induced by photoperiod.Under the condition of 10～13 h day-length,the male fer-tility restored with the increase in day-length and showed a continuous trend from fully ster-ile to partial fertile or fully fertile.The Pollen abortion percentage was 99.2%and 99.5%under 10 and 11 h day-length,respectively,The sensitive phase of the male fertility transfor-mation was from stamen and pistil differentiation to anther chamber formation and exper-inced about 14 days.The critical photoperiod inducing male sterility is less than 11.5 h day-length.