色稻直链淀粉含量的遗传研究

Genetic Studies of Amylose Content in Pigmental Pericarp Rice

应用莫惠栋的胚乳遗传模型，以３个３＾２世代设计和１个７×７双列杂交Ｆ１代和Ｆ２代设计爸稻直链淀粉含量（ＡＣ）的遗传。结果表明：ＡＣ在Ｆ１代和回交世代的正、反交之间差异显著在Ｆ２代正反交之间差异不显著，但出现广泛的遗传分离，证实ＡＣ是一个受三倍体核基因控制的胚乳性状，其遗传不存在细胞质铲应和母体效应；模型测验符合加性－显性模型，显性作用和加性作用都重要，显性等位基因对ＡＣ起增效作用。

The genetic models for endosperm traits proposed by Mo Huidong were used to investigate the inheritance of amylose content (abbreviated to AC) of pigmental pericarp rice in 3 designs each with 32 generations and 1 design with 7×7 diallel crosses including F1 and F2 generations. The results were as follows: In F1 and BF1 generations between positive and reciprocal crosses, the means of AC were significantly different, but in F2 generations, there were no significant difference, and extensive segregation was observed among grains every ear. AC was a trait under triploid genetic control and no cytoplasm and maternal effect was found, its inheritance could be described by an additive-dominance model, the analysis of genetic compontents of variation showed both additive and dominant effect being important, and the dominant direction for AC being on the increase. Estimates of dominance variation component would be underestimated when 2N genetic model was used to analyze the 3N endosperm traits such as AC and so on. For the genetic improvement of AC in pigmental pericarp rice breeding, one parent should have low or middle AC in each of crosses, however, both maternal and paternal parents were better to have desirable AC in order to utilize heterosis.