超声在无创性冠脉内皮功能评估中的应用
摘要
内皮细胞是血管内膜表面一层单层扁平或多角形细胞。内皮不仅是血液和间质组织之间的一道生理屏障，还通过代谢、生成、激活和释放多种血管活性物质，发挥重要的功能。这包括调节血管收缩、抑制血小板活性，维持凝血和纤溶之间的平衡，调节炎症细胞的附壁。完整的内皮对维持血管内环境的稳定和调节血管收缩、血管形成抗炎、抗凝血具有重要意义。已有许多实验和临床研究表明内皮功能失常是动脉粥样硬化的早期事件并可导致内膜增厚与粥样斑块的形成，内皮功能失常也是高血压的早期表现并和心血管危险因素及冠心病事件密切相关。
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