英语民族侮慢语的分类及其成因

The Classification and Causes of National Slur in English

民族侮慢语是一个民族对其他民族表达“侮辱”、“贬低”、“歧视”的语言形式,它可以通过语义降格实现,也可以绰号、蔑称或谚语的形式实现。民族侮慢语的形成有其深刻的社会文化内涵。通常来说,战争、宗教冲突是其形成的主要原因,另外,种族歧视、时空差异、性格外貌特征以及民族优越感等方面的作用也不可忽视。

National slur is a linguistic form expressing unequal treatment of one ethnic by another. It is formed through semantic degradation, by giving nicknames or derogatory terms and making proverbs. Generally speaking, the main causes of national slurs are wars and religious conflicts, while other causes, such as racial discrimination, characters and appearance, and ethnical superiority complex cannot be neglected in the formation of national slur.