沉没的军舰和其他国家船舶的法律地位——以水下文化遗产保护为视角

Legal Status of Sunken Warships and Other State Vessels as Underwater Cultural Heritage

依照国际法规则,军舰和其他国家船舶享有主权豁免,只受船旗国管辖。问题是,如果它们在水下沉睡多年、成为宝贵的水下文化遗产并极有可能遭受商业性打捞的破坏时,是否应当重新审视它们的法律地位。2001年联合国教科文组织通过的《保护水下文化遗产公约》是国际社会为保护水下文化遗产所作的重要努力,其有关沉没军舰和其他国家船舶的规定也值得赞赏。

Warships and otner orate vessels enjoy State immunity and are subject to flag State jurisdiction. Once Such vessels become UCH, should they be treated differently from other UCH？ Such vessels 2001 Convention on the Protection of UCH passed by UNESCO includes in its preservation regimes and special provisions are provided, which is commendable.