父母教养方式与海洛因依赖者人格特征的关联性研究

The Research on Relationship between Personality Character of Heroin Addicts and Family Culture

目的:探讨海洛因依赖者父母教养方式对其人格的影响。方法:运用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)及艾森克个性成人问卷(EPQ)对100名具有高中文化、年龄在19～24岁的海洛因依赖者进行问卷调查,并与100名正常人群加以比较分析。结果:①研究组中父母教养方式及海洛因依赖者人格特征与对照组存在差异性。其中父亲的FSS2(惩罚、严厉)、FSS3(过分干涉)、FSS6(过度保护);母亲的MSS2(过分干涉、过度保护)、MSS4(惩罚、严厉)因子得分均高于对照组。父亲的FSS1(情感温暖、理解)因子得分低于对照组,差别具有显著或非常显著性意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。②艾森克个性成人问卷(EPQ),研究组中N(神经质)、P(精神质)、L(掩饰性)、E(内外向)因子得分均高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:海洛因依赖者父母教养方式对其人格特征的影响与正常人有着明显不同。温暖、理解的教养方式有利于子女个性发展和正常人格的形成;父母惩罚严厉、易形成情绪不稳、敏感、掩饰性等人格特征。本文为预防青少年吸毒提供了理论依据。

Objective： To discuss the effect of family culture on heroin addicts. Methods： Using the parent education evaluation chart and Exn personality questionnaire authors have surveyed the heroin addicts aged 19 to 24 years old and having senior high education, comparing with 100 normal persons. Results： （1）The research group had significant difference with normal group in personality character after statistic examination, especially scores of factor in father＇s striction, punishtnent （fss2）, excessive intervention （fss3）, excessive protection （fss6）, mother＇s excessive protection and intervention （mss2）, striction and punishment （mss 4） were higher than the control group obviously in all respects.. The research group had lower scores in father＇s understanding ; all of the differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05）. （2）The figures of Exn personality questionnaire showed that the research group had higher scores in neurotic, psychiatric, lonesome, extraversion. （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Family culture has deep impression on personality character of heroin addicts. Warmth and understanding are helpful to develop a good personality; striction and punishment will lead to sensitive, unstable emotion and so on. This article provides an academic evidence to prevent these things happened.