猪早期胚胎体内、外发育规律研究

The in Vivo and in Vitro Development of Pig Embryo

系统地掌握猪早期胚胎体内外发育规律是进行猪胚胎冷冻、胚胎分割、鲜胚移值、长途运输引种以及基因转移等生物技术研究和应用的基础。本研究包括２个实验，实验１，利用８９头超排母猪和１９头自然发情母猪，于配种后第２、３、４、５、６、７、８、９和１０天手术采得胚胎１６１２枚，系统地观察猪早期胚胎体内发育规律，即：２日龄胚胎中原核胚占７７．３９％（３９７／５１３），３日龄胚胎中４和６细胞胚占７９．０５％（８３／１０５），４日龄胚胎中４～８细胞占４０％（３５／７６），５日龄胚胎多为桑椹和囊胚８３．１２％（６４／７７），６日龄胚多为膨胀囊胚４２．０９％（１８１／４３０）和孵化囊胚３４．１９％（１４７／４３０），７和８、９、１０日龄胚发育到孵化囊胚分别为７６．３４／ｏｏ（７１／９３）和１００％（７７／７７），而自然发情的５日龄胚胎中桑椹和囊胚仅占３２．５％（１３／４０），６日龄胚胎中膨胀囊胚仅占１１．１１％（１７／１５３），孵化胚仅占１９．６１％（３０／１５３）。各发育阶段的胚胎比例均明显低于５、６日龄超排供体（Ｐ＜０．０５）。实地２，将１３８枚囊胚和膨胀囊胚，分别体外培养２４和１２小时，囊胚发育阶段的胚胎５０％（４８／９６）?

Abstract Expriment 1 : 1612 embryos were surgically collected from 89 Superovulated gilts and 19 nature es- trus sows on days 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 after first mating seperatly (The first day of mating=day0). The distribution of embryo developmental satages were on the follow: There are 77.39%(39/513) pronucler embryos, which were collected on day 2; 79.05% (83/105) 4～6 cells on the day 3; 46.00% (35/76) 4～8 cells on the day 4;83. 12% (64/77) moruler to blastocyst on the day 5; 42. 09/oo(181/430) expanded blastocyst and 34. 19% (147/430) hatched blastocyst on the day 6; 76. 34% (71 /93)