黄土高原旱地农业自然生产力潜势评价——兼论旱地农业的出路

EVALUATION OF THE NATURAL PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL OF THE DRY FARMING ON THE LOESS PLATEAU AND DISCUSSION OF THE OUTLET OF THE DRY FARMING

本文运用系统工程理论,从理论与实践的结合上,对黄土高原旱地农业自然生态系统的土地、光、热、自然降水等各主要因子的生产潜力进行了评价。从而为开发该地区旱地农业的自然生产力潜势提供了科学依据。本文还通过对旱地农业生态经济系统可控制因素与非可控制因素的分析,以及从人类经济再生产行为方式等角度,对旱地自然生产力蕴藏着巨大潜势和“越穷越垦、越垦越穷”这一历史事实构成的悖论作出了科学解释,否定了“十年九旱”是旱地农业增产的主要制约因素的传统观点,为开发旱地农业资源提供了一条现实的、可供选择的思路。

This paper used the theory of systems engineering and comlined the theory with practice to evaluate the main factors (include the land, sunlight, heat, and natural precipitation) of the natural ecological system of the dry farming on the Loess Plateau in terms of the potential productivity. And thereupon a scientific basis for exploiting the natural productivity potential of the dry farming in the region was proposed. This paper also analysed the controllable and uncontrollable factors of the ecological and economical system of theory farming and discuss-sed various forms of the reproductive behaviors of human economy. According to these studies, it made a scientific explanation for the great potential in the natural productivity of the dry land and for a common saying that 'the poorer a man becomes the more land he reclaims ;and the more land a man reclaims, the peorer he becomes,' which is concluded from historical facts. At last, it put forward a way of thinking that may be practical and worth choice in exploiting the agricultural resources of the dry land.