古道、古文、古式:宋代文学复古的方式

The Ancient Doctrines,Language and Style:The Mode of Returning to the Ancients of the Literature in Song Dynasty

宋代的文学复古和儒学复兴是一个统一的文化运动,都是以恢复和绍述儒家文化为明确的主题的。在这样的文化语境下,宋代文人的理论和创作的实际情况尽管复杂,但从复古的方式上看,主要就是内容上对“道”的极端强调、语言形式上崇尚质朴平淡、体裁上重视散体文和古体诗等。

Returning to the ancients and the Confucian doctrines of the literature in Song Dynasty, as a united culrural movement, both took introducing and renewing the Confucian culture as its topic. Under such a cultural background, in spite of much complexity, the writing and its theory of the literators of Song Dynasty, in the mode of returning to the ancients, exrememly emphasizes the doctrines in content, advocates modesty and smoothness in linguistic form and stresses freedom of prose and archaism of poetry in style, and etc.