超声波无损探伤检测在现代出土石质文物保护中的应用

APPLICATION OF THE ULTRASONIC FLAWLESS DETECTOR IN THE PRESERVATION OF UNEARTHED STONY CULTURAL RELICS

以超声波法对保护和复原近日在北京出土的乾隆御碑所做的无损探伤试验为例,介绍了用超声波定量检测石质文物内部裂纹缺陷及其风化程度的一种新的方法。对于不同年代的石质文物(如石佛像雕、石碑、石柱等),采用该方法不但能够探测其内部裂隙的走向和发育程度,而且能根据声波的特征判断其风化程度和强度,为文物的保护和复原提供可靠的资料。

Taking for example the flawless detection of the imperial tablet of the reign of Emperor Qian Long of the Qing Dynasty unearthed recently for its protection and restoration, the paper introduces a new method of detecting quantitatively fractures and weathering degrees inside stony cultural relics with the ultrasonic detector. This method can not only detect the trend and development degrees of the fractures inside stony cultural relics （e. g. stone Buddha carvings, tablets and pillars） of different ages, but also judge their weathering degrees and intensities according to the ultrasonic characters. In a word, the detector can furnish reliable data for the preservation and recovery of cultural relics.