桑沟湾栉孔扇贝不同季节滤水率和同化率的比较

SEASONAL VARIATION OF FILTRATION RATE AND ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY OF SCALLOP CHLAMYS FARRERI IN SANGGOU BAY

于1993年9月和1993年11月在山东省荣成市桑沟湾用半现场法对该湾养殖之林孔扇贝的滤水率和同化率进行了测定。结果表明：（1）林孔扇贝的滤水率秋季（9月）明显地高于冬季（11月）。（2）在同一密度下，单个个体的滤水率随着个体的增大而增大，而单位重量的滤水率随着个体的增大而减小；同一规格的个体，其单个个体和单位重量的滤水率均随着密度的增大而减小。（3）林孔扇贝的同化率在秋、冬两季无明显差异。（4）不同大小、不同密度的林孔扇贝的同化率无明显的差异。但其值都较高（94．3％－98．9％）。本文还对以叶绿素α和颗粒有机物两个指标测定滤水率的异同进行了讨论。

Filtration rate (FR) and assimilation efficiency taE) are two very important parameters in bioenergetic studies of suspension-feeding bivalves. The FR and AE of scallop Chlangs farreri were measured by a semi-in situ method in fall (9th to 18th in September) and winter (15th to 24th in November) of 1993 in Sanggou Bay. The experiments were carried out with a semi-in situ running water system into which natural seawater was directly pumped and no additional food was added. FR and AE were calculated based on changes of two different indices-chl a and POM (particulate organic matter) in seawater. Results showed that (1) FR of Chlampsferrari in fall were significantly higher than those in winter;(2) the larger the individual size, the higher the per individual FR and the lower the per unit dry tissue weight FR, (3) the higher the culture density, the lower the FR both per individual and per unit dry tissue weight; (4) there were no significant differences in AE between fall and winter, and (5) there were no significant differences in AE of scallops with different sizes and culture densities. It is presumed that the higher FR in fall may be due to the higher temperature and the scallop's physiological requirement of accumulating large amount of energy for its autumnal spawning.