摘要
传统社会将剩余劳动投入等级制社会结构再生产,使社会物质生产系统处于维持生存的状态,导致社会发展的停滞徘徊。资本力量使剩余劳动投入到物质生产体系中,不断增殖扩张而生成现代社会。资本扩张过程推进的生活世界货币化,是现代性生成过程的深层主线。由此形成了作为资本增殖机器的社会经济结构,塑造了现代人际关系、心理结构与行为方式,产生了理性、自由、平等、博爱等现代性特质,并展示为都市生活、品牌崇拜等现代生活方式,从而创造出充满悖论的现代性。中国现代化进程应当对西方式现代性扬善抑恶,以建设社会主义和谐社会。
Just as Marshall Berman said, ＂To be modern is to live a life of paradox and contradiction.＂ Modernity is therefore not a combination of static attributes that can be clearly expressed, but a constantly reproducing historical process full of contradictions. Its diversified forms of expression and the variety of perspectives from which people observe it have brought about infinitely diversified and even mutually conflicting understandings of its connotations. The only way out of this theoretical labyrinth is to delve deep into the underlying roots and generating process of modernity in order to turn the varieties of expressions of modernity into an integrated theory. This paper serves as an attempt in this direction.
