试论机动车第三者责任强制保险的防灾防损功能

On Loss Prevention and Control of Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance

一般认为,机动车第三者责任强制保险(以下简称强制三责险)乃是加强被保险人的赔偿能力,进而赔偿交通事故受害者损失的事后补偿机制。但却常常忽略该制度在积极预防和减少交通事故及损失方面所具有的独特功能。事实证明,导致交通事故最主要的原因是交通行为参与人的过失因素,因此促进人们交通行为的谨慎与规范是改变我国道路交通安全状况的根本出路。鉴于人“趋利”的本性,强制三责险可以通过合理设置责任限额,实行弹性费率等手段,利用经济杠杆有力地推动当事人规范其交通行为,进而保障交通安全。

In general, Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance is regarded as a indemnity system after traffic accidents. Moreover, it can improve traffic safety condition actively. As a matter of fact, the basic reason for traffic accident is negligence of the persons concerned, so the fundamental measure to improve traffic safety condition is to spur the persons concerned to be adhere to the traffic rules strictly. According to the interestaxis of human being, we can establish and perfect Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance system, use economic levers to guide persons, so as to ensure traffic safety.