论刑事古典学派内部死刑观的异同及其借鉴意义

On the Different Views and Their Significance of Death Penaty among the Classical Criminal Schools

刑事古典学派内部对死刑的态度,可分为两派:保存论和废除论。贝卡利亚、边沁基于社会契约论和功利论,认为死刑存在许多弊端和坏的特性,极力主张废除死刑。费尔巴哈、康德、黑格尔等人,基于心理强制论、等量报应论和等价报应论,认为死刑有其特有的有益性或功效,主张死刑存在是合理的。但其具体观点又有差异。

Two opinions exist in the classical criminal schools in their attitude toward death penalty：to keep it and to rid it. Beccaria and Benthan, in the perspective of social charter and function, regarded that death penalty should be eliminated due to its malpractice, while Feuerbach, Kant and Hegel thought that based on the theories of psychological force, equal - amount puiaishment and equal - cost punishment, death penalty should be kept. Difference can be seen in their ideas in detail.