镍钛记忆合金骨科器械的基础研究及在手外科应用进展

Biomechanic studies of Nitinol orthopedic instruments and their clini cal applications in hand surgery

1963年Buehler报告镍钛合金具有良好的形状记忆效应后,在医学界倍受关注。20世纪70年代以来,国内外对镍钛记忆合金(Nitinol)的基础和临床应用做了大量研究,取得了重大进展。从生物力学的观点分析,骨质的生长和吸收与应力有关,不同部位骨折的愈合对应力/应变的要求不一样,国内许多学者采用不同方法对其研制的Nitinol骨科器械进行了生物力学测试。我国Nitinol器械在手外科的应用始于20世纪80年代,实践表明,疗效满意。本文综述了Nitinol骨科器械的基础研究及在手外科的临床应用进展。

There has been great interest in NiTi alloy in medical domain since Buehler found its memory effect in 1963. In the recent 30 years, a lot of basic and clinical researches of the alloy have been reported in the world. From the biomechanical viewpoint, the ossification and resorption of bone are related to the stress. Different stresses are required in the different kinds of fracture healing. Many measurements have been used to test the biomechanical properties of the Nitinol orthopedic instruments. The clinical applications of the instruments in hand surgery started in China in 1980＇ s and resulted in satisfactory outcomes. This article summarizes the progress made in the basic researches of the nitinol orthopedic instruments and their clinical applications in hand surgery.