宫内发育迟缓儿身长、体重、头围的追赶比较

Catch-up Growth of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Infants

目的研究宫内发育迟缓儿(I UGR)生长发育模式,以指导I UGR的生长保健工作。方法对本院及复旦大学附属妇产科医院确诊的210名I UGR儿的体重、身长、头围等指标,分别在其0、6、12和24个月时进行随访性调查。结果成功随访188例,男孩为87例,女孩101例,平均出生体重为2.27kg,共有102例儿童的出生体重<2500g,占总数的54.25%。其中,早产儿为46例,占24.47%。在出生头2年中,I UGR体重、身长、头围均有追赶生长,尤其是出生后头6～12个月生长速度最快,而头围生长大于身长及体重,女孩生长追赶要早于男孩,但2岁之内除女孩头围外均未达正常水平(P<0.01)。在2岁之内为生长追赶的良好时间段。结论证实了I UGR有生长追赶现象。若2岁之前不能给予干预治疗,有一部分I UGR其最终的生长将落后于正常儿。加强孕期营养及提倡母乳喂养是保证I UGR早期发育的关键。

Purpose To study the growth patterns of the intrauterine growth retardation （IUGR） infants and to provide the basis for application of intervening measures. Methods Two hundred and ten IUGR infants born in our hospital and obstetrics and gynecology hospital affiliated to Fudan university were enrolled, and parameters such as weight, length and head circumference were measured at birth and at 6,12,24 month of age. Results A total of 188 IUGR infants were involved in the follow-up. The mean birth weight infants were 2 270 g. About 54.25% of the 188 infants had birth weight 〈2500g; another 24.47% was premature infants）. In the growth curve, IUGR infants experienced the obvious catch-up growth, earlier in female infants and faster in premature infants. Conclusions IUGR infants had a apparent catch-up growth during the first 2 years. It is also means that the great plasticity of growth during the period and these infants may respond to targeted postnatal interventions during the first 2 years. Interven- tions in early infancy would involve promotion of breast-feeding and the nutrient supplement.