综合性医院老年肺结核的临床特点分析

An Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics on Aged Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in General Hospital

目的探讨综合性医院老年肺结核的临床特点。方法回顾性分析我院近5年来48例老年肺结核患者的临床资料,总结其特点。结果老年肺结核患者中有结核病史和肺部钙化点者24例,复发率高。起病隐匿,以咳嗽、咳痰为主要症状者31例,13例并发呼吸道感染就诊,9例无症状。痰结核菌阳性12例。肺部病变以右上肺为主。治愈34例,放弃治疗3例,死亡7例,迁延不愈4例。结论老年肺结核的临床特点不典型,既往有肺结核者多,复发率高,基础疾病多,治疗难度大,因而要注重老年结核的复发和临床诊断的特点。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 48 cases aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） in general hospital. Methods All the TB patients＇ clinical information in recent 5 years has been reviewed retrospectively.. Results In this group 24 cases suffered TB in the past or calcification and fibrosis were showed in chest radiographs. The way of disease was typical. The main clinical manifestations were productive cough. There were 13 cases complicating respiratory infection. However 9 cases had no clinical symptoms. The acid fast stain of sputum was positive in 12 cases. The lesions were more likely involved in right upper lobs. 34 cases were cured, 3 patients had to give up the treatment, 7 cases died and 4 cases had protracted the course of disease. Conclusion In the elderly patients with TB, the clinical manifestation has non-specific symptoms. There is high rate in the relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis. Some patients have underlying disease and poor toleration in chemotherapy. So the comprehensive analysis of the clinical characteristics is more important and the treatment plan should be taken by personal feature.