纳米级润滑油清净剂的结构与性能关系研究

Study on the Relations between the Colloidal Structure and Performance of Lubricant Oil Detergent

介绍了几种纳米级烷基水杨酸盐用作润滑油金属清净剂的各项性能,考察了不同烷基水杨酸盐产品中碱性组分含量与产品碱值的对应关系;通过冷冻蚀刻电镜法考察了含碳酸盐的胶体粒子结构及粒子分布状况;应用四球试验机、凸轮挺柱试验机等考察了纳米级烷基水杨酸盐的抗摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,添加剂中碳酸盐含量及胶体粒子的组成结构是影响产品性能的重要因素。随着产品碱值的升高,添加剂中碱性组分碳酸盐的含量增大,胶体粒子的粒径减小,粒子分布更均匀,胶体稳定性更好,产品的高温清净性及氧化安定性均有显著改善,其抗摩擦磨损性能也有很大提高。

The characteristics and performances of several calcium alkylsalicylates which are used in lubricating oil were studied. The relations between the content of alkaline components and total base number of detergent as well as micellar stability were studied. The diameter and the distribution of loading-carrying （carbonate-containing） micelle were measured by freeze-etching replication and electron microscopic observation method and infrared absorption methods. Four-ball machine tests were used to study the anti - wear performance of series of calcium alkylsalicylate products. The research results show that the micellar structure of detergents has an important influence on the performance of products. The particle diameter decreases while the total base number of the detergent increases. The smaller the diameter is, the more uniform the particles distribution is and the better the micelle stability is. And the detergency, thermal oxidization and anti-wear abilities have improved distinctively due to the increase of the content of alkaline components in detergents.