铌氧化物的催化应用

The Catalytic Application of Niobium Oxide

综述了含铌氧化物的特征及其在不同催化过程中的应用。铌氧化物水化物具有较强酸性,在固体酸催化领域一直有大量应用。铌氧化物是优良的促进剂和良好的载体。当少量铌加入到现行催化剂中大大提高了催化剂的活性和延长了催化剂的寿命;铌氧化物在作为金属与金属氧化物载体方面也展现了优越的性能。另外,由于铌氧化物很容易与其他氧化物反应生成具有复杂结构的混和氧化物,许多含铌的混和氧化物以及铌负载到其他氧化物上的催化体系已被广泛研究。

The character of the niobium oxides and their catalytic application were reviewed. Hydrated niobium pentoxide（Nb2O5·n H20）, which has strong acidic properties on the surfaces, is used as solid acid catalysts. Niobium oxides are favorable promoter and Support. Niobium oxides, when small amounts are added to known catalysts, markedly enhance catalytic activity and prolong catalyst life, which also exhibit a pronounced effect as supports of mental and mental oxides. Moreover, a lot of mental oxides containing niobium and niobium oxides supported on the other oxides also have been studied extensively because niobium oxides easily react with many other oxides to form mixed mental oxide phases with complex structure.