淮河(江苏段)水体有机污染物风险评价

RISK ASSESSMENT ON ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN WATER OF THE HUAIHE RIVER,JIANGSU PROVINCE

淮河(江苏段)水体检测到的半挥发性有机物和有机氯农药绝大多数属于USEPA的优先控制污染物。应用USEPA规定的水中优先控制污染物和非优先控制污染物对人体健康的摄入与饮入之和的水体有机物浓度标准,计算了淮河(江苏段)水体的48种有机污染物的环境暴露浓度,并根据最高环境暴露浓度与USEPA水质指标的比值,参考IARC的化合物致癌性指标,建立了一套表征水体有机污染物的风险特征以及采取相应管理措施和建议的评价体系,对这些化合物的环境健康风险进行了评价。结果表明,有18种有机污染物超过了USEPA的标准浓度要求,其中9种物质具有一定的生态风险,其中六氯苯、N-亚硝基二正丙胺、3,3'-二氯联苯胺、2,4,6-三氯酚、五氯酚、茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘、4,4'-滴滴涕、七氯在内的8种化合物具有一定的风险,而多环芳烃二苯并(a,h)蒽需要引起更高警惕;在此基础上探讨了这些化合物的来源及作用,并提出了相应的防治建议。

Semivolatile organic chemicals and organochlorine pesticides in the Huaihe River, Jiangsu Province were analyzed. Most of the chemicals were in the list of priority pollutants of USEPA. Then, a series of assessments on risk characteristics of organic chemicals in water body and relative proposals were pro- vided. The risk assessment on these forty-eight organic chemicals in the Huaihe River was conducted, according to the value of human health for consumption of water and organism in USEPA＇s national recommended water quality criteria on priority pollutants and non-priority pollutants, plus IARC＇s index of carcinogenicity. The results showed that the concentration levels of eighteen chemicals among them exceeded EPA＇s critical standards, while nine of them were in need of special concerns. Among the special nine pollutants, however, eight of them, including Hexachlorobenzene, N-Nitrosodi-N-propylamine, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol, indeno （1,2,3-cd） pyrene, 4,4＇-DDT and Heptachlor were in need of concern while another chemical： dibenz （A, H）anthracene be of special concern. The sources of these chemicals were discussed and some control strategies were suggested based on the risk assessment.