中国农业土地利用结构及其优化途径

The Structure and the Optimal Approaches for Agricultural Land Use in China

我国农地利用的结构性障碍在于耕地和林地所占比重偏低,而牧草地比重偏高:优质高产地比重偏低且减少较快;林牧用地结构不合理,植被覆盖率低,我们应在农产品供给和生态环境建设相协调的目标导引下,本着以林地为基础,以耕地为中心,以园地为辅助,以草地为依托,以水域为保障的原则进行农地利用优化配置。还必须通过对农业用地空间布局进行优化调整,进一步改善土地景观格局,增加环境容量,实现农业土地利用在产业发展和生态重建方面的双重功效。

The structural obstacles of agricultural land use in China rest with cultivated land and woodland hold a lower share than pasture, high grade cultivated land reduces rapidly based a small number, the lack of effective forest and grass area brings on lower plant cover rate. For the target of harmonizing the agriculture products supply and ecological environment reconstruct, we should optimize agricultural land use allocation based on woodland, centered on cultivated land, assisted on garden plot, supported on pasture land and ensured on water area. Furthermore, we expect get diplex efficacies both in industry development and ecological reconstruct through adjusting space distribution of agricultural land use, improving landscape pattern and increasing environment capability.