进境集装箱卫生检疫风险分析与对策研究

Risk analysis of sanitary quarantine for entry containers and its countermeasure research

目的探讨我国进境集装箱卫生检疫工作中存在的风险隐患,研究控制风险的对策。方法依据《国际卫生条例》和《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法》及其实施细则等有关法律法规,结合近几年我国进境集装箱卫生检疫工作现状,从工作中遇到的实际问题进行分析,总结行之有效的科学方法。结果进境集装箱卫生检疫工作存在着风险隐患,对疫情的传递、疫区的确定、撤消问题不明确:对需要在口岸做熏蒸处理的(包括来自疫区的空箱)未做熏蒸处理;有的来自疫区的转关集装箱内地局或二类口岸未做熏蒸处理;有的需做熏蒸处理的集装箱与海关未协调好,海关已先行开箱查验。结论为有效防止检疫与监测传染病的传入,针对卫生检疫工作存在的风险隐患,研究制定对策,尽可能将风险控制在最低点。

Objective Discuss the potential risk of entry containers＇ health quarantine and find out the controllable countermeasures concerned, Methods The concerned practical problems were analyzed according to actual situations of recent entry containers＇ health quarantine on the base of International Health Regulate （IHR） and Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of the People＇s Republic of China. Restilts There are some risks in entry containers＇ health quarantine as follows： the ambiguity of origin of entry containers, some containers from pest area include empty containers being not treated and some outback inspection and quarantine bureaus don＇t treat the trans-port containers, the risk of entry containers is enlarged, Conclusion To prevent the contagion or reduce the risk of spread of infections effectively, the countermeasures should be made .