入境船舶靠泊检疫工作与口岸综合卫生条件关系的研究

Investigation on the relationship between quarantine at berth for ships enter a country and comprehensive sanitation condition of port

目的探讨船舶靠泊检疫与口岸综合卫生条件关系,衔接好检疫与卫生监督工作。方法按法律对检疫的要求,针对传染病传播的三个因素,对无条件的锚地检疫与有条件的靠泊检疫方式之间防疫功能的差异进行分析,提出改进差异的方法。结果应用靠泊检疫方式应具备三个必要条件:口岸卫生条件良好,医学媒介生物控制指标达标;在检疫工作结束前,人员不擅自上下船,有关关系人要做出书面承诺,负责相关协调工作并承担处理疫情造成的一切费用;所选船舶尽可能无疫情。结论靠泊检疫工作与口岸综合卫生条件是相辅相成的,合理使用自由的检疫裁量权,可以改进口岸综合卫生条件,阻断疾病的传播渠道。

Objective To discuss the relationship between the berth quarantine for the entering ships and the comprehensive sanitation condition at the port and, coordinate the health quarantine and the sanitation monitoring. Methods According to the quarantine laws and three factors of the infectious disease transmission, to analyse the difference of epidemic prevention function between the unconditional quarantine at anchorage and the conditional quarantine at berth,then put forward improving methods. Results Three conditions are required for the berth quarantine of ships as follows： sanitation condition at the ports should be good and medical media vector should be up to the standard; none is allowed to embark and disembark the ship until the end of the quarantine.Those people concerned should make written commitment and should be responsible for all the cost due to coordinate work.To make every efforts to choose those ships without epidemic diseases. Conclusion The quarantine at berth and the comprehensive sanitation condition at the port supplement each other, while reasonably use of judgment right of quarantine will improve the comprehensive sanitation condition at the port and cut off the way of transmission of infection diseases,