船舶直流电网短路限流装置的设计与分析

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FAULT CURRENT LIMITER FOR SHIP DC POWER SYSTEM

针对现有断路器极限分断能力不能满足船舶直流电网短路保护要求的问题,制订了一种新型的基于固态限流器的船舶直流电力系统区域保护方案,给出了限流器拓扑结构;分析得到了其数学解析模型,并说明了工作的物理过程;推导出限流器的最大电容电压、主回路最大电流与电路各参数之间的关系,提供了限流器各器件选型的理论依据。基于此,研制出了新型小功率直流短路电网限流装置实验样机,并完成了以蓄电池组作为电源的电网突然短路限流实验。实验结果证明了所设计的限流器关键参数计算的正确性,且该限流器动作快速、准确,能有效地抑制短路电流,控制方法简便,具有良好的工程应用前景。

The existing breakers can not satisfy the requirements of short circuit protection in marine DC power system when large fault current occurs. This paper presents a new regional protection scheme based on the solid state fault current limiter （FCL） for marine DC power system, and its topological structure of the circuit of the novel limiter. A mathematic model was established on the basis of analysis, the physical processes were described and the analytical relations between maximal voltage of capacitance, maximal current of main circuit current, limiting time of the FCL and system parameters were obtained. The analytical relations provide a theoretical basis for the design of electronic device parameters and thereby a novel experimental DC fault current limiter was fabricated and short-circuit test was conducted by employing accumulator battery. The experimental results confirmed the correctness of the key parameters of the FCL. The experiment also showed that the FCL was characterized by quick and accurate response, easy and effective control of short-circuit current, and has good prospect of wide application in engineering.