肝移植术后肺部感染的预防与护理

Prevention and Nursing of Pulmonary Infection in Liver Transplantation Patients

目的探讨肝移植术后肺部感染的预防及护理。方法对2003年12月～2004年3月,我院42例行肝移植术病例进行回顾性统计分析。结果肝移植术后并发肺部感染的感染率高,患者使用呼吸机、气管插管及切开时间越长发生肺部感染机会就越大,常见感染菌以条件致病菌为主,在术后两周内发生肺部感染例次占总肺部感染例次75%。结论重点做好术后两周内肺部感染的预防与护理措施,加强术后病房的管理,重视物理性预防护理及使用呼吸治疗装置的护理,严格遵守吸痰注意事项及无菌技术操作。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevention and nursing of pulmonary infection in liver transplantation patients. METHODS Forty two patients of liver transplantation were analyzed retrospectively from Dec 2003 to Mar 2004. RESULTS The rate of pulmonary infection after liver transplantation was high. The longer the patients used mechanical ventilator, the longer the patients were intubated after tracheostomy, the more the patients were complicated with pulmonary infection. The main pathogen mainly was opportunistic. 75% cases of pulmonary infection happened during first 2 weeks after operation. CONCLUSIONS We should prevent the pulmonary infection by nursing mainly in first two weeks after operation. Physical prevention and the care for the therapeutic machine were important. And we should follow the rule of sucking sputum and that of aseptic operation exactly.