住院分娩与安全分娩关系的研究

Study on the Relationship between Hospital Delivery and Safe Delivery

根据对河北省４个项目县１９９２年１月１日～１２月３１日共１０４２例分娩情况进行全面调查的资料，重点分析研究住院分娩和安全分娩的关系。结果显示：住院分娩率为２０．２５％，住院分娩者均经受过专门培训的各级医务人员接生；而在家分娩的接生者有１８．４１％是来经过培训的。接生操作包括洗手戴手套，用消毒液清洗外阴及用消毒产包等，住院分娩与非住院分娩比较差异显著。在家分娩和住院分娩发生危急情况分别为９２例和１６例，前者死亡１０例，后者死亡１例，两者差异显著。死亡１１例中，死于家中５例，途中２例，乡医院２例，县医院２例。死因顺位依次为产科出血、产褥感染、重度好高征及心脏病。死于分娩期占２７．２７％；产褥期中，分娩后＜２ｈ占１８．１８％，＜３天占５４．５４％。结果揭示：住院分娩是安全分娩的重要保障。

During 1992 1042 cases of parturition were investigated in project counties of Hebei provice,The relationship between hospital delivery and safe delivery was mainly analyzed in this paper.The results showed that 20.27%of 1042 cases were delivery at hospital.All the midwives or staffes of the hospitals had been trained,while 18.41%of midwives who conducted labor at home had not been trained.The manipulative quality,which includes washing hands and wearing gloves,washing vulva and sterilizing dressing,between the two groups was significantly different.The emergencies of labor at home were 92 cases and 10 of them died,but that was only 15 cases at haspital and one of them died.The difference between the two groups was significant.11 cases of the investigative women died(5cases died at home,2 cases on the way to hospital,2 cases in village hospital and 2 cases in county hospital).The causes of death were obstetric bleeding,puerperal infection,severe hypertension of pregnancy and pregnancy complicated with heart diseases. The death rate in stages of labor was 27.26%;The one of post partum less than 2 hours was 18.18%and less than 3 days was 54.54%.The results prompt that the haspital delivery is importent ensurance for safe delivery.