模板技术制备介观结构材料(英文)

Template-synthesis of Mesostructured Materials

模板技术是制备介观尺度下具有多重结构材料的简单有效方法.本工作围绕纳米微球及其组装结构,一维纳米纤维及其组装结构而开展.其中重点关于核—壳结构凝胶微球的制备,并以此为模板制备包覆复合微球和中空微球,实现复合微球的形貌和特征尺寸的控制.通过化学改性对单分散聚苯乙烯胶体微粒进行处理,制备了具有核—壳结构的单分散凝胶粒子.以核—壳结构凝胶粒子为模板,制备了二氧化钛包覆聚苯乙烯核壳结构的复合粒子及其中空的二氧化钛粒子.发现在无机前体的溶胶凝胶过程中,电场能诱导复合粒子表面形成贯穿的多孔结构.同样思路,制备了二氧化硅、导电聚苯胺及其复合的核—壳结构和相应的中空微球.对聚苯乙烯胶体晶进行化学改性,制备了核—壳结构的胶体晶凝胶.以此为模板,与第二种具有响应特性凝胶进行复合,得到了敏感特性的胶体晶凝胶.并研究了此复合凝胶的形态及外场响应特性.以多孔氧化铝膜为模板,制备一维结构及其阵列体系.通过调节孔的润湿性,调节一维结构的形态(纤维或中空结构)并可调节双组分核—壳结构纤维的内外相相反转.

Template-synthesis is a simple but effective method to construct hierarchical structures on meso-scale. This work involves the preparation of composite particles and their self-assembly, and the preparation of one-dimensional fibers and their self-assembly. The preparation of hollow particles with tunable cavity in the range of whole particle radius is emphasized. The particles have potential applications in many areas such as in catalysis, controlled delivery, artificial cells, light fillers, low dielectric constant materials and photonic crystals materials.