幼少女卵巢肿瘤的临床特点分析

Analysis of 124 Cases of Ovariann Neoplasm in Young Girls

目的：探讨幼少女卵巢肿瘤的临床特点。方法：回顾性分析我院1987年1月～2003年12月间收治的年龄未满18岁的卵巢肿瘤患者124例。其中，良性肿瘤88例，交界性肿瘤3例，恶性肿瘤33例。结果：患者年龄3岁～18岁，平均14．3岁；10岁以下、11岁～14岁、15岁～18岁三个年龄段，各组卵巢肿瘤所占的比例分别为11．29％、29．03％、59．68％；而在各组中生殖细胞肿瘤所占的比例分别为100％、63．89％、66．22％，上皮性肿瘤所占的比例分别为0％、33．33％、32．64％；恶性肿瘤所占比例分别为35．71％、41．67％、17．57％。临床表现以腹痛、腹胀、腹部包块为主要表现的占了82．26％；冰冻切片对肿瘤的良恶性诊断符合率高（98．2％）。结论：幼少女卵巢肿瘤发生率随年龄的增长而升高。组织类型以生殖细胞肿瘤为主，但随着年龄增长，上皮性肿瘤所占的比例升高。临床表现方面由患儿或家长发现腹部包块的占了很大比例，提示我们要重视对幼少女进行生殖系统检查。冰冻切片检查对决定手术范围有着重要的意义。

Objective ： To analyze the clinical features of ovarian neoplasm in young girls. Methods.. A retrospective analysis was performed on 124 patients of ovarian neoplasm under 18 years old who were treated during the period between 1987 and 2003, 88 of them with benign tumor, 3 with borderline tumor, and 33 with malignant tumor. Result ： The 124 cases, whose ages ranged from 3 to 18 with an average of 14. 3 years, fell into 3 groups according to age： under 10 （ 11.3% ）, between 11 and 14 （29. 0% ）, and between 15 and 18 （59. 7% ）. The rates of ovarian germ cell tumor of the three groups were 11%, 63.89%, and 66. 22% respectively, the rates of epithelial ovarian tumor 0%, 33.33%, and 32. 64%, and the rates of malignant tumor 35.71%, 41.67%, and 17.57%. The majority of patients （ 82. 26% ） had abdominal pain, abdominal distention and abdominal mass as the main clinical manifestations. Frozen section can attain remarkable accuracy （98. 2% ） in identifying benign or malignant tumor. Conclusion ： The incidence of ovarian neoplasm in young girls increases with age. Ovarian germ cell tumor is the most common histological type, but the rate of epithelial ovarian tumor increases with age. The detection of a large proportion of ovarian neoplasm was attributed to abdominal mass found by patients themselves or their parents, which indicates that more importance is to be attached to the examination of the reproductive system in young girls. Frozen section examination plays an important role in deciding the range of operation.