功利主义经济的哲学批判——解读巴塔耶“普遍经济”思想

Philosophical Criticism of Utilitarian Economy——Interpretation of George Bataille's “General Economy”

巴塔耶认为,资产阶级古典经济学和黑格尔辩证法是功利主义经济的理论基础。为了探寻摆脱功利主义经济的可能性,巴塔耶深入批判了功利主义思维方式的核心———“谋划”观念,从而以“耗费”这一基本概念建构起“普遍经济”理论。普遍经济力图排除有限经济中消费的资本逻辑,而代之以更为普遍的人本逻辑。文章对消费中深藏的资本和人本的双重逻辑进行了反思,并在巴塔耶“普遍经济”思想的基础上提出“本真性消费”的概念。

According to George Bataille, the bourgeoisie classical economics and Hegelian dialectics are the theoretical foundation of utilitarian economy. In order to search for the possibility to get rid of the utilitarian economy, Bataille made a severe criticism on the notion of “design”—the nuclei of utilitarian thinking mode, therefore applied “use” as the basic concept to set up the theory of “general economy”. The general economy tried to get rid of the capital logic of consumption in limited economy, and used the more universal homocentric logic to replace it. This paper has rethought of the dual logic of capital and homocentric features in consumption, and put forward the “true consumption” on the basis of Bataille's “general economy”.